The fascism of others: the formation of a critical anti-fascist consciousness in the context of the new world order

The essay dismantles the comforting displacement implied by "the fascism of others," showing how contemporary democracies harbor fascistic potentials through normalized techniques – administrative exceptionalism, technocratic depoliticization, and securitized – rather than spectacular returns of the past. Drawing on Arendt, Foucault, Agamben, Derrida, and Mbembe, it reframes fascism as a style of governance that narrows recognition and renders some lives ungrievable. Against Euro-Atlantic hegemonic decline, it emphasizes the Global South’s demographic and economic ascent and its refusal of ongoing coloniality, arguing that neo-imperial practices (financial conditionalities, data extractivism, humanitarian hierarchies) are defensive reactions of a waning order. Pedagogically, the paper proposes a deconstructive, decolonial program with three tasks: genealogical unmasking of “universal” categories; semantic vigilance through close reading and counter-writing; and institutional imagination that rehearses deliberation, accountability, and reversible rules. Hospitality – understood as exposure to the undecidable other – anchors teaching protocols, curricula, and assessment that expand grievability and cultivate Freire's conscientization. Memory is necessary but insufficient without method; education must detect thresholds where language, procedures, and affects shift toward exclusion, organizing the ongoing maintenance that keeps plurality durable.