Insignificant C1 effects cannot be called “marginally significant”

Slotnick (this issue) proposes that the earliest ERP C1 component, evoked by visual stimuli, may be affected by attention if certain experimental parameters are used. My opinion on this paper is that some results of previous papers are forced to appear significant even though they were not. This commentary focuses on Slotnick’s description of my cited papers and clarifies that there were not in fact any significant C1 attention effects present. Even though the C1 was often numerically larger in the attended condition, the statistical tests of these effects were far from significance.