Phytonutrients have been widely recognized as potentially useful for human health and as effective nutritional supplements. Indeed, it has been shown that the intake of phytonutrients, alone or in combination, can improve overall healthdue to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic properties. Among the most important, in terms ofantioxidant and anti-inflammatory function, are carotenoids, phytoestrogens, polyphenols and sulphides. Of all thephytonutrients found in the Mediterranean diet, polyphenols have certainly attracted the most attention in the worldof research, as they play an extremely important role in the prevention of chronic degenerative conditions such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and oncological diseases. The intake or supplementation of vitamin B3 and/or caffeineappears to play an important role in human health: vitamin B3 promotes mitochondrial respiration and in additionimproves food digestion by acting on the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, while caffeine stimulates thenervous system generating positive effects on long-term memory. The aim of this review is to analyze studies that highlight the possible positive and protective role of phytonutrients on energy expenditure and metabolism in overweightsubjects. A mixture composed of polyphenols, vitamin B3 and caffeine could, in the light of what has been observed,represent an optimal nutritional strategy capable of positively intervening on cardio-metabolic risk factors in overweightor obese subjects and thus be an important support in both the prevention and treatment of dysmetabolic diseases.
I fitonutrienti sono stati largamente riconosciuti come potenzialmente utili per la salute umana e come supplementinutritivi efficaci. È stato infatti dimostrato come l’assunzione di fitonutrienti, da soli o in combinazione tra loro, possamigliorare la salute generale grazie alle loro proprietà antiossidanti, antinfiammatorie e anticancerogene. Fra i più importanti, in termini di funzione antiossidante e antinfiammatoria, troviamo i carotenoidi, i fitoestrogeni, i polifenoli e isolfuri. Tra tutti i fitonutrienti presenti nella dieta mediterranea, sicuramente i polifenoli hanno attirato maggiormentel’attenzione del mondo della ricerca, avendo un ruolo estremamente importante nella prevenzione delle malattiecronico-degenerative come patologie cardiovascolari, neurodegenerative e oncologiche. L’assunzione o la supplementazione di vitamina B3 e/o caffeina sembra giocare un ruolo importante per la salute dell’uomo: la vitamina B3 favoriscela respirazione mitocondriale e migliora la digestione degli alimenti, agendo sul metabolismo di carboidrati, grassi e proteine, mentre la caffeina stimola il sistema nervoso generando effetti positivi sulla memoria a lungo termine. Lo scopo diquesta revisione della letteratura è quello di analizzare gli studi che evidenziano il possibile ruolo positivo e protettivodei fitonutrienti sul dispendio energetico ed il metabolismo nei soggetti sovrappeso. Una miscela composta da polifenoli, vitamina B3 e caffeina potrebbe, alla luce di quanto osservato, rappresentare una strategia nutrizionale ottimale ingrado di intervenire positivamente sui fattori di rischio cardio metabolici nei soggetti sovrappeso o obesi e quindi potendo rappresentare un importante supporto sia nella prevenzione che nel trattamento delle patologie dismetaboliche.
Phytonutrients and weight control: the role of polyphenols
Parisi A;Mauri C;Tranchita E;Cerulli C;Grazioli E
2023-01-01
Abstract
Phytonutrients have been widely recognized as potentially useful for human health and as effective nutritional supplements. Indeed, it has been shown that the intake of phytonutrients, alone or in combination, can improve overall healthdue to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic properties. Among the most important, in terms ofantioxidant and anti-inflammatory function, are carotenoids, phytoestrogens, polyphenols and sulphides. Of all thephytonutrients found in the Mediterranean diet, polyphenols have certainly attracted the most attention in the worldof research, as they play an extremely important role in the prevention of chronic degenerative conditions such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and oncological diseases. The intake or supplementation of vitamin B3 and/or caffeineappears to play an important role in human health: vitamin B3 promotes mitochondrial respiration and in additionimproves food digestion by acting on the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, while caffeine stimulates thenervous system generating positive effects on long-term memory. The aim of this review is to analyze studies that highlight the possible positive and protective role of phytonutrients on energy expenditure and metabolism in overweightsubjects. A mixture composed of polyphenols, vitamin B3 and caffeine could, in the light of what has been observed,represent an optimal nutritional strategy capable of positively intervening on cardio-metabolic risk factors in overweightor obese subjects and thus be an important support in both the prevention and treatment of dysmetabolic diseases.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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