Case Report: Concurrent Resistance and Aerobic Training Regulate Adiponectin Expression and Disease Severity in Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Study

Adapted exercise is an effective non-pharmacological tool to improve functional,cognitive, and psychological parameters in multiple sclerosis (MS), in association withincreased quality of life (QoL) and decreased disease severity. Adipose tissue, throughthe production of different adipokines, is involved in regulating energy metabolism andinflammation. Adiponectin, increased in MS, circulates as oligomers of low (LMW),medium (MMW), and high molecular weight (HMW), the latter mediating the mainbiological effects. The aim of study was to evaluate the effects of 4 months trainingat moderate intensity [65% heart rate reserve (HRR)] on BMI, adiponectin, and QoL in avolunteer with secondary progressive MS. The parameters were evaluated before (T0),after 4 months training (T1), and 6 months after the end of training (T2); total serumadiponectin and its oligomeric profile were evaluated. We found a reduction in BMI(􀀀0.9%) and FAT (􀀀2.6%), an improvement in perceived QoL and a reduced expressionof total adiponectin and HMW oligomers together with decreased MS disability levelat T1 measured by EDSS. Despite the limitations of a case study, this represent astarting point to understand the influence of exercise in MS and the relationship withadiponectin expression.