Sustainable wastewater management in developing countries: are constructed wetlands a feasible approach for wastewater reuse?

Water shortage is a major problem in many developing countries and represents one of the key factors for their development. The quality of available resources has deteriorated owing to pollution by lack of wastewater treatment facilities and control mechanisms/laws. Therefore there is a great need to propose appropriate wastewater management in developing countries. This paper summarises wastewater management policies applied in developing countries which in many cases involve reuse for irrigation. An evaluation of constructed wetlands is proposed in prospect of reuse and of a sustainable management of water resources.